Original Historical Documents

ISRAELITE DOCUMENTS
Return to CIAS Encyclopedia
The Siloam Inscription
Siloam inscription
"It will be observed that the characters of the Siloam inscription are carefully and ornamentally written, though the ornamental writing nowhere interferes with the standard shape of the letter. The letters `bet, lambda, mem, nun, pe' are written with elegant double curves, as is the case with `kaf, mem, pe' in the modern Samaritan character. ... there was a tendency to add hooks to the end strokes of the letters ... just as we find them in the Siloam Zain and Sade." [E.J. Pilcher, `The Date of the Siloam Inscription' in PSBA, Vol. XIX, Jan-Dec 1897, p. 165-(178, 180)-182.; Simon B. Parker, Siloam Inscription Memorializes Engineering Achievement, July 1994, p. 36-38.]
The inscription—in biblical Hebrew—slightly damaged, in its six lines tells:
"[.. when] (the tunnel) was driven through. And this was the way in which it was cut through: While [. ..] (were) still [..] axe(s), each man toward his fellow, and while there were still three cubits to be cut through, [there was heard] the voice of a man calling to his fellow, for there was an overlap in the rock on the right [and on the left]. And when the tunnel was driven through, the quarrymen hewed (the rock), each man toward his fellow, axe against axe; and the water flowed from the spring toward the reservoir for 1,200 cubits, and the height of the rock above the head(s) of the quarrymen was 100 cubits."[1]
["The Siloam Inscription", transl. by W. F. Albright in James b. Pritchard ed., Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relati ng to the Old Testament (Princeton, 1950), p. 321. Isaiah 37: 25. ]
The Ekron (Tell Miqne) Inscription
The Ekron Inscription
"The temple (which) Achish son of Padi son of Ysd son of `Ada' son of Ya'ir ruler of Ekron built for Pt[n]yh, his Lady. May she bless him and ke[e]p him*) and prolong his days and bless his [l]and." [translated by Aaron Demsky in BAR]

*) Compare Numbers 6:24: Hebr: `yevarekhekha YHWH veyishmerekha'; the title `sareqron', `Ruler of Ekron', is written without a word divider as is also the case in the phrase `bytdavid', `The House of David' in the Tel Dan Inscription.

Bible Topics Main Menu Submenu