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The El Amarna Period
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Hebrew Dictionary Lexicon 		The Shephelah Region - Home of the `Habiru' Philistine Rebels Against the Crown
 Geography of some contenders of the El Amarna Tablets Account of Abdi Hiba of Jerusalem
The ancient sites in the Negeb/Shepelah region include: Tell al-Ajjul near Gaza, Tell Erani near Libnah and Lachish (considered an Early Bronze site), Tell Gamma just SE of Gaza, T. Haror, T. Sera, T. Halif, T. Beit Miraim just north of T. Halif, T. Beer Sheba, T. Masos, T. Ira, T. Malhata, T. Arad NE of T. Malhata. [See Yohanan Aharoni, `Nothing Early and Nothing Late: Rewriting Israel's Conquest' in BA, Vol. 38, May 1976, p. 54-(56)-76. The article features B&W images of: A sketch map of the region; T. Malhata from a distance and its glacis with stone mantle; an aerial view of T. Masos, four room houses and its stone revetments; T. Arad houses, wall and general schematic plan; plan of T.Beer Sheba, ramparts and glacis and aerial view, plan of T. Esdar; T. Ira aerial view and casemate wall. Shephelah For a map of what are described to be Early Bronze Age sites see Amnon Ben-Tor, `The Early Bronze Age' in The Archaeology of Ancient Israel, 1992, p. 83.

The List of Kings Conquered by Joshua:
The king of Jericho, Ai near Bethel, Jerusalem, Hebron, Yarmuth, Lachish, Eglon, Gezer, Debir, Geder, Hormah, Arad, Libnah, Adullam, Bethel, Tappuah, Hepher, Aphek, Sharon, Madon, Hazor, Symoon, Achshaph, Taanach, Megiddo, Kedesh, Yomneam in Carmel, Dor, Goyim in Galilee and Tirzah. Total=31.

Site Information

01) Ivory perforated rods were found a) at Teleilat Ghassul (9 and 11 holes, ca. 9 & 11 cm long), in a cave at b) Nahal Qanah a little west of Shechem and south of Samaria (3 holes made of bone), and at c) Mostagedda located about half-way between Hermopolis and Girgeh just east of the Nile. The Egyptian (2) rods were short (4 holes) and made of shell. (BASOR, Aug 2000, p. 1-5.} They are attributed to the Chalcolithic Period and probably were used as spacers in a beaded belt.

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