Chart A for the 12th Dynasty Kings Previous Next
Source Variations on the 12th Dynasty Chronology
Manetho's|..............|Monumental
Names|....................|List Names Amenemes.........................S-Hetep-abra [100]
..coregency with Sesostris I
Sesonkhosis......................Kheper-ka-ra
..coregency with Amenemhet II
Amenemes........................Nub-kau-ra
..coregency with Sesostris II
Sesostris...........................Kha-kheperOra
Lakheres...........................Kha-Kau-ra
Ammeres..........................Maa-kheru-ra
Ammenemes.....................Maat-en-ra
Skemiofris........................Sebek-nefru-ra
 Monument
Names
Amenemhet I.......................16 1)yrs

Sesostris/Senusret I............46 2)

Amenemhet II......................38 3)

Sesostris II...........................48 4)
Sesostris III.......................(3)8 5)
Amenemhet III..................(4)8 6)
Amenemhet IV......................8 7)
Sebeknefru-ra........................4
 Lengths of reigns according to
Manetho...........Turin.....Monuments
 16..............................(1)9.......................20
...............................................................10
46.................................45......................32
...............................................................2+
38.................................--.......................30
...............................................................3+
48.............................(2 or 3).9...............10
(3)8..............................(3)8....................26
(4)8.........................4(4 or 8)..................44
8..........................9y.3m.27ds...................6
4.........................3y.10m.14ds.................--
Total for the dynasty....................................................................246 yrs....................................................................213 yrs +
The 12th Dynasty Kings According to Damien Mackey
Manetho's names of kings are in this view of no help.
Comparing namesComparing common glyphs between the proposed alter egos of Khafre/ Chephren/ Sesostris. 		Monument Names

Khufu=Cheops(23)/Amenemhet I(31)=II(34)=III(45)/Teti(12) .................... Average would be ca. 29 yrs.
Chephren(26)=Sesostris/Senusret I(45)=II(19)=III(37)=Pepi I(49)=II(94) ............ Average would be ca. 45 yrs.2)
Amenemhet IV......................1-8? 7)
Sebeknefru-ra........................3-4 (or Neferusobek)

The approximate total of this dynasty would then be ca. 79 years.

01) The `Nesmont Stele' from the time of Amenemhet I was described by Kurt Sethe in BASOR, 1928: 81-82 and depicts military action during which Egyptian troops went through streets (mrwt) of conquered settlements belonging to the `sand-dwellers'.
02) For a large scale color image of the wooden statue of Senusret I (formerly Usertasen) holding a stick see Bryan Fagan, `Egypt of the Pharaohs', p. 142. The exquisite statue comes from the tomb of a loyal subject, the high priest Imhotep of Iunu, buried on the east side of the pharaoh's pyramid. In the same source see also another full page color image of multiple look alike, well preserved limestone statues Senusret I in side view. These were found outside the king's mortuary temple at Lisht in 1894.
03) For a B&W image of a seated statue of a) Amenemhet III from Hawara, as well as his priestly representation found at el-Fayum, b) Khafra/Chephren, see P. Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaohs, p. 53, 54, 88. For a ca. 75 degree side view color image of statue of Amenemes (III) see N.Reeves, Ancient Egypt the Great Discoveries, p. 211. For an image of the Year 19 hieroglyphic inscription of King Nubkaure/Amemenemes II on a stela (BM 583) see W.V. Davies, `Reading the Past', p. 46.
04) The discovery of a body thought to be that of Kha-kheper-ra/Senusert II on the basis of a partial jewel forming his name, the beatle being winged and supported by a lotus flower is told in The Jewellry of Riqqeh in Ancient Egypt, Vol. 1, 1914, p. 3-4. For more info on Sesostris II see KMT, Spring 2000, p. 40.
05) For an image of a 142.2 cm granite statue of Sesostris III, see KMT, Spring 2001, Vol. 12, p. 24. For a facial image of this king see L. Cottrell, The Horizon Book of Lost Worlds, p. 73; P. Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaohs, p. 84.;
06) Information on the discovery of the intact burial chamber of the 12th Dynasty princess Neferuptah of the time of Amenemhet III. Shown is also the huge, over 3 m long and over 2m high, granite sarcophagus of Neferuptah found in the burial chamber of her pyramid in 1956. Inside the sarcophagus was her golden, hawk-headed, carnelian, feldspar & paste broad collar. At some point she used the queenly title, "great one of the imat scepter". Also shown are three hes silver vessels two of which have the shape most closely resembling a modern lamp stand. No pottery was reported from this MK tomb. [See A. Dodson, `The Intact Pyramid Burial at Hawara of 12th Dynasty Princess Neferhuptah', KMT, Vol. 11, Winter, 2000/01, p. 41-47.] The colossal black granite head of Amenemesse (III) can be seen in N.Reeves, Ancient Egypt the Great Discoveries, p. 77.
07) For the only surviving granodiorite statue of Amenemhet IV, last male king of the 12th Dynasty, see KMT, Vol. 12, Summer 2001, p. 27. The color image shows a king with a sceptical or drawn facial expression by the way his cheeks are shaped and the corners of his mouth are pointing down. In our revision the short ruling Amenemhet IV was the Pharaoh of the Exodus (Michael C. Carlos Museum, Atlanta, Georgia). Amenemhet IV is also referred to as Sobekhotep IV of the 13th dyn. A B&W image of this king can be seen in P.Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaohs, p. 92.
08) For a superb color image of the copper-alloy upper torso bust of the 12th Dynasty king Amenemhat III found at Hawara in the Fayum see KMT, Vol. 13, Winter 2002-03, p. 26.
09) The Seattle Art Museum has a 29.2 cm tall, polished but damaged jasper torso of Amenemhet III (#49.153). See KMT, Fall 2001, Vol. 12, P. 28.
10) The good quality BW image of a 12th dynasty limestone shrine of the scribe `Pa-suten-sa (or Pa-sa-nesu)', with figures of Osiris and Horus can be seen in E.A.W. Budge, `By Nile and Tigris', Vol. II, 1920, p. 344.
11) For a relief carved image of Amenemhet (I) see P. Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaohs, p. 79.
12) Stone, M. C., `Reading the Highest Attested Date for Senwosret II: Stela Cairo JE 59485', in Goettinger Miszellen, Vol. 159, 1997.
13) For the diary of the Brazilian Emperor Dom Pedro (1840-1889) and his artful sketches of how he saw the ancient remains in Egypt see Mauricio E. Schneider, The Emperor of the Nile, in KMT, Vol. 15, Fall 2004, p. 77-84.
14) For the discovery of the celebrated stela of Senusert I in the 18th dynasty temple at Wadi Halfa see P. Scott-Moncrieff, Some Notes on the 18th Dynasty Temple at Wadi Halfa in PSBA, Vol. XXIX, 1907, p. 39-(40)-46.
15) For great, focused, color images of the hieroglyphics art work in the `White Chapel' of Sesostris/Senusret I at Karnak see Ancient Egypt, Oct/Nov 2004, p. 52-53. His limestone Stele where he is seated at an offering table can be seen on p. 11.
16) The plan of the pyramid complex of 12th dynasty king Senwosret I/ Sesostris I at Lisht/ El Lisht can be seen in KMT, Spring, 2005, p. 28.
17) The plan of Senwosret II/ Sesostris II at Luhan/ Illahun can be seen in Ibid., (15).
18) The plan of the pyramid complex of Senwosret III/ Sesostris III at Dashur can be seen in Ibid. (15).
19) A metal pendant in the shape of a more roundish tear drop called a `shell' bearing the cartouche of Senwoset II made of fine wire (Metropolitan Museum of Art) and a similar pendant with the cartouche of Senwosret III from Lisht can be seen in Christine Lilyquist, Granulation and Glass: Chronological and Stylistic Investigations at Selected Sites, ca. 2500-1400 BC in BASOR, May 1993, p. 29-(78 item c & d)-75. The overall similar and dissimilar features do not seem to rule out that the same ruler received these perhaps from different locations in his kingdom at different times for some event.

Notes & References

[100] Amenemes I., `Sehetepibre', used the same throne name as Teti of the 6th dynasty, `Sheteptowe'. Peter Clayton, The Chronicle of the Pharaohs, p. 78.
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