| Army Routes | Thutmose III's Karnak City List |
Kadesh Amenhotep III City List |
| Entries from 1-38 out of over 300 Palestinian locations |
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So many times we see and read the city list of the 22nd Dynasty king Sheshonk, but it is the list of Thutmoses III. which represents the towns he captured as Pharaoh Shishak. Starting from the very top we read the names of cities like `Qadesh' the Holy City, Jerusalem, `Mkty' which many read as Megiddo could also be `Maqtar', 14 miles north of Jerusalem, or it also could be the region surrounding `qds'. According to Hieroglyphic Dicitionaries Where some of these locations estates of land owners and not towns? Is it possible that land owners lived sometimes outside the city walls? |
Variant spelling of Kades. [Sallier 3 Papyrus] |
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Smaller hamlets may not have had a sufficiently strong wall to protect from enemy attacks anyway. In times of war they fled to larger cities like Jerusalem. Other considerations should probably include that the Egyptians used in this name list names which they were familiar with and did not necessarily try to translate Hebrew or Canaanite names, except for the more popular towns. And so it was that the Egyptians were more impressed by `holy' city rather than calling it `Jerusalem'. `Holy' places they were familiar with, Hebrew city names not so much. Why `itmm', if it was `Etam', made the list, we don't know. Perhaps something happened there which made that name stick in their minds. Hard to pronounce names they certainly must have changed to suit their ears. These considerations may help us realize that, without original instructions, such lists are difficult to interprete. A notable exception may be `qds', `kadesh', Jerusalem, the nerve center of Judah and main target of his campaign. It is very likely that the city list was compiled from the records of seized property and goods throughout the whole region and not to memorialize the names of towns. Jerusalem made the top, because it was a very rich source of lootable goods. If Megiddo provided rich spoils of war, it made the list, if not, why mention it? No doubt the homes, farms, and places surrounding Jerusalem were next to the city itself rich sources for spoils of war. |
| A Short Discussion of Two City Lists: Thutmose III and Sheshonk |
| City List of Amenhotep III |
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This base of a statue of Amenhotep III was found in his funerary temple. The base has 12 Aegean sites listed on its left side: 1. Knossos, 2. Phaistos, 3. Kydonia on Crete, 4. Mycenae, 5. Nauplion and 6. Kythera on the Cyclade Islands. On the right side: 1. Keftiu and 2. Dny (Danay for Greece; `Denyens' in the `Records' of Breasted). Interpretation: One possible interpretation of the base list is that the towns mentioned on the left side are to be found in the lands mentioned on the right side. [`Biblical Archaeologist', June 1992, p. 65] |
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The Topography of Seti I the Great Aresa - town in Syria. The name Pa-aresa (`the Syrian') occurs on a fragment of a stela which used to be in the museum of Freiburg, Germany. [Transactions SBA, later Proceedings SBA, Vol. 4, 1890, p. 31-39] Notes & References
[010] Henry George Thomkins, `Tribute Lists of Thutmose III, Southern Hall' in TSBA, Vol. IX, 1893, p. 257-280; Lists locations 1-119 in his list which is slightly different in some renditions compared to the list above. |